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Mobile Banking: Guidance Coming?

Mobile Banking: Guidance Coming?

As Mobile Adoption Grows, So Could Regulatory Action

By Tracy Kitten, January 31, 2012. Credit Eligible

Mobile Banking: Guidance Coming?

Regulators have hinted at it, and industry experts say it’s coming. U.S. banking institutions can expect to see new guidance for mobile banking. The open questions are: When, and in what form?

Mobile could be addressed briefly if regulators issue an FAQ or addendum to the updated FFIEC Authentication Guidance, says banking/fraud expert George Tubin. Tubin says regulators are more likely to address mobile in its own guidance, but they probably won’t release it until late 2012 or early 2013.

“I think that we’re still in that discovery phase with mobile,” Tubin says. “Regulators are still just getting a read on the market and what to expect over the next month to year.”

In short, regulators need more time. They don’t yet fully understand the market’s mobile state. Acquiring that knowledge demands more in-depth interviews with financial institutions, banking associations and mobile vendors.

“There may be mention of mobile in an FAQ [related to existing authentication guidance], but it will be a very brief mention,” Tubin says.

Matthew Speare, senior vice president of IT at MT Bancorp., the 17th largest U.S. bank holding company, says he’d like to see separate mobile guidance sooner rather than later. Speare says authentication requirements laid out in the existing guidance just don’t translate to mobile.

“Mobile devices present a unique channel architecture and risk, which requires further guidance,” Speare says.

What the Regulators Say

Banking regulatory agencies have been discussing mobile with industry experts for at least two years. And in mid-2011, when the FFIEC Authentication Guidance was released, two agency representatives suggested mobile guidance could be forthcoming.

Last April, Gigi Hyland, board member of the National Credit Union Administration, said in an interview with BankInfoSecurity that banking regulators were reviewing emerging technologies such as mobile for future guidance. “[Mobile] is certainly on our radar screen,” Hyland said.

And in July, after the authentication guidance was issued, Jeff Kopchik, senior policy analyst with the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp., said the regulatory agencies were giving mobile special consideration.

“We are thinking about mobile,” he said during a BankInfoSecurity webinar, FFIEC Authentication Guidance: FDIC on Understanding and Conforming with the 2011 Update. “But we felt that this was not the time or the place to really talk about mobile specifically.”

In the same session, Kopchik also said he believed mobile banking was one of the channels already covered within the FFIEC Authentication Guidance. “If you go back to the original guidance, it makes it clear that it applies basically to all forms of electronic banking,” he said. “So, in that sense, the supplement is sort of channel agnostic. It doesn’t care whether you’re doing your banking from a cell phone sitting on a park bench or a PC at home hardwired into the Internet.”

Joe Rogalski, who serves as the information security officer of Buffalo, N.Y.-based First Niagara Bank [$38 billion in assets], says the existing guidance provides enough mobile direction for now.

“The guidance calls for updating your risk assessment when there are changes in the functionality offered through electronic banking,” Rogalski says. “I believe that mobile banking is covered by the guidance, and I am treating it that way in my risk assessments.”

The Call for Mobile Guidance

Still, many industry experts have criticized the authentication guidance for not paying special attention to mobile transactions. [See FFIEC Draft Guidance: Where's Mobile?.]

“Anything mobile is a higher risk transaction,” says Phil Blank, managing director of the security, risk and fraud practice at Javelin Strategy Research. “Device identification, apps, differing interfaces for smart phones and tablets all pose challenges and risk.”

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A high school football recruiting cautionary tale

Tillman, a running back/defensive back for West St. Mary High in Baldwin, La., had said last June, shortly before his senior season, that he would sign with Stanford. He turned down all other recruiting overtures and visited no other schools, his coach, Ryan Antoine says, and the Stanford staff was in frequent contact with him.

Co-defensive coordinator Derek Mason made a home visit as recently as Jan. 16, Antoine says. But four days later, Antoine says Tillman got a phone call from Stanford, telling him he would not be accepted. With signing day then less than two weeks away, the coach and player were stunned and confused.

“The kid was devastated and heartbroken,” says Antoine, who is acting as Tillman’s spokesman and did not make him available to speak. “He has a 4.0 grade-point average and scored a 26 on his ACT test.

“We can’t understand it. Nobody is telling us anything. The coaches say the admissions process is secretive, and they can’t ask about it. If it’s the curriculum, we’d like to know. (Head coach) David Shaw said he was surprised. It sounds like there’s something else under the table, like they might have found somebody else they like.”

The Cardinal were recruiting the 5-9, 180-pound Tillman as a defensive back. He had totaled about 5,000 all-purpose yards in his career along with 50 touchdowns. Included were about 2,000 all-purpose yards in 2011, Antoine says.

Wrote Stanford spokesman Jim Young in an e-mail, “NCAA rules prohibit us from commenting publicly about any recruits.” However, Young added, “The Office of Undergraduate Admissions does not generally provide reasons to high school seniors — prospective student-athletes or otherwise — regarding admission denials.”

Tillman does have options, Antoine says, but does not want to rush the process, so he is not planning to sign with any school Wednesday.

“He went to Houston this (past) weekend, and he’s going to Colorado next week. Other schools will have spots open after Wednesday because some kids won’t make it.

“He wants to be around people he can trust. I suppose (Stanford) might not have renewed his scholarship if he had ended up going there, so this is better than that. But he fell in love with the place.”

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Fewell’s forceful feedback fed fire of Giants’ D

It was early December, shortly after the defense hit its low point during a nationally televised game at the New Orleans Saints, when it was shredded for 49 points and 577 yards.

That was the night that, for the first time, Fewell thought that some of his players quit.

And he let them have it during a memorable meeting.


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“He’s not a screamer or a curser, but he was animated,” linebacker Mathias Kiwanuka recalled. “He said some things that were obviously heartfelt, and he called us out.”


Super Bowl XLVI

USA TODAY’s complete coverage of Super Bowl XLVI between the Patriots and Giants.

The Giants lost the next weekend, barely, but the defense showed more teeth against the Green Bay Packers. More improvement came in ensuing weeks with better health.

Yet with the defense now in an undeniable groove that has provided backbone to the five-game winning streak that New York will take into Sunday’s game, Fewell’s out-of-character tirade is viewed in hindsight as a pivotal marker.

“We needed a wake-up call,” Fewell remembers.

Think it worked?

“Look at the results,” he says.

The turnaround might have also re-established Fewell’s stock as a potential head coach. Last year, he interviewed for four positions.

When his defense hit a rut, though, radio talk show buzz was just the opposite. Like coach Tom Coughlin, Fewell, 49, was on the hot seat amid speculation about replacements.

“I couldn’t let it eat me up,” he says of the criticism. “I don’t want this to sound the wrong way, but I didn’t really care about the negativity from the outside. I only care about the guys and our team. And I only knew one way to approach it: Go to work.”

It helped that Fewell’s dominant defensive line returned to form as ends Justin Tuck and Osi Umenyiora— who missed a combined 11 games because of injuries — regained strength for the stretch run.

Fewell, in his second year with the Giants, scrapped with various combinations to account for the injuries. With a fuller deck, he’s able to employ even more of the creative wrinkles that are a signature of the defense and create mismatches.

Safety Antrel Rolle says the defense’s “bad-ass mentality” is a reflection of Fewell.

“Brilliant guy,” Rolle said. “And fiery. I think it definitely trickles down to us. We feed off of him. He feeds off of us.”

A big test comes against the Patriots, armed by Tom Brady.

Fewell realizes that with the stakes in play there will be no need for fire-and-brimstone pep talks. But creative twists could make a difference. Right?

Says Fewell, “We’re going to play to win.”

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Facebook brings historical collection to life

But the University of Nevada students wrote them in 1913.

“The primping activity in Manzanita Hall is something to see! We don’t often get a chance to visit the boys’ rooms in Lincoln Hall. What an occasion!” Lewis wrote.

Their posts — drawn from their papers at the University of Nevada, Reno — are the result of a project started to draw attention to the university’s Special Collections Library, which at one point was in jeopardy of being closed during the school’s fiscal crisis in 2010.

“It was a wake-up call for us,” said Donnelyn Curtis, the head administrator at the library. “I know that we were important to people studying the history of this area.”

Gannett

Leola Lewis.

Curtis found a way to show that the library’s collection had a treasure trove of vital local history that could be relevant today.

“I had to find ways to make this history, university history, something that young people were … interested in,” she said. “When you think about where those people are, well, they’re on Facebook.”

Various news outlets, including the Chronicle of Higher Education, have been writing about the pages. Mashable, a blog that covers social media; Yahoo; Time Online; and the Daily Mail in the United Kingdom all featured the story.

Lewis and McDonald had more than 3,000 friend requests — many of them from teachers and librarians — before Facebook took down the page because Leola and Joe did not officially start the page themselves, in violation of Facebook’s terms of agreement.

“Even though they were real, it violated the letter of the agreement,” Curtis said. Someone from Facebook suggested setting up pages that friends like rather than accounts.

Excerpts from the special collection are used to answer questions from fans of the site, she said.

McDonald studied mechanical engineering. He sold newspapers as a boy in Tonopah, Nev.

His mother saved money and sent him to college, but he had to work. He worked in the dining hall and for the Sagebrush student newspaper as a business manager. He also rang class bells on campus.

Upon graduation, he was eventually offered a job at the Nevada State Journal, one of the ancestors of the Reno Gazette-Journal. He rose to become publisher.

Leola Lewis was a senior class president when McDonald was a sophomore. They were married the year after McDonald graduated. She edited the Journal’s society page for about 30 years.

Her manuscript “10,000 Weddings” is part of the Special Collections and might be published as an online serial.

“She was a great writer,” Curtis said.

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Editorial FAQ

Who we are

News vs. editorial

Staff editorials

Editorial FAQ

About cartoons

About letters to the editor

Counterpoints

 

   Allen Johnson, editorial page editor (373-7010, ajohnson@news-record.com), is a Greensboro native and Dudley High School alumnus who relishes the chance to discuss issues that affect his hometown’s future. He joined the News Record in 1987 as features editor. In 1992 he became sports editor and in 1999 editorial page editor.

Allen leads editorial board meetings, edits most editorials and writes some editorials. He also screens letters to the editor and writes a weekly column.

Allen is a graduate of UNC-Chapel Hill, where he received an undergraduate degree in English and a master’s degree in journalism. He has taught part time at a variety of area colleges, including UNC-Chapel Hill, UNCG, N.C. Central and, currently, N.C. AT. In 1996, he taught a short course in newspaper management for newsroom executives in Zambia (formerly Northern Rhodesia).

In addition, he volunteers at Jackson Middle School and serves on the boards of Big Brothers/Big Sisters and Youth Focus Inc. Never having entirely grown up, he is a model train buff and a member of Carolina Model Railroaders. He also likes to read, especially biographies and science fiction, goes to the movies obsessively and is addicted to jogging, despite bad knees and rapidly advancing age.


   Doug Clark, editorial writer (373-7039 dgclark@news-record.com) Doug joined the editorial department in 2004 after 20 years with the High Point Enterprise. He is a native of New York City, where his father was employed by Cone Mills and later Cannon Mills. Textiles drew the Clark family to North Carolina in 1971, affording Doug the opportunity to attend UNC-Chapel Hill, where he graduated with a degree in journalism. Doug worked for the Hickory Daily Record and Waynesville Mountaineer, then held government positions in Washington, D.C., in the early 1980s.

At the High Point Enterprise, he was associate editor and editorial page editor. Doug and his wife Margaret have two grown sons and a new daughter-in-law. They enjoy traveling whenever possible. Doug likes to read books about history, politics and exploration, jogs faithfully with his dog Murphy, and roots for the Tar Heels and New York Yankees. He tutored for many years in High Point schools and is an elder and Sunday school teacher at First Presbyterian Church in High Point.

Dennis Shelton, copy editor (373-7036, dshelton@news-record.com): In addition to duties on the news copy desk, Dennis designs some daily editorial pages and Sunday Ideas section. He also copy edits the text and writes many of the headlines. Dennis has been employed by the News Record since 1988. He grew up near Nashville, Tenn., and is a graduate of Marquette University. He and his family live in Alamance County, where they are members of First United Methodist Church of Elon.

The News Record’s news and editorial departments are distinctly separate operations. The news department has nothing to do with the paper’s editorial stances and the editorial department has nothing to do with news coverage decisions. That’s the way we want it and the way we like it.

The editorials represent the official position of the newspaper’s editorial board with input from our publisher, Robin Saul; they are not the sentiment of any one individual. Hence, they aren’t signed. These editorials can be found on the left-hand side of the Opinion page. Editorial writers meet daily at 9:30 a.m. to discuss the news of the day, what we should write about and what our editorials should say.

Why are you so biased?

As Bill Clinton might have said, it depends on what your definition of bias is. If bias is to mean we take a discernible point of view in our editorials, then we are guilty as charged. That’s what editorial pages are: opinion sections. By their nature they express a point of view.

If your definition of bias means that we express our opinions at the exclusion of all others, we try very hard not to do that. That’s why the News Department is separate from the editorial pages.

And it is why our Second opinion pages, or op-ed pages, contain such diverse points of view. And it is why we print letters to the editor that often disagree with us and that often are intensely critical of the newspaper.

Why are you so liberal (or conservative)?

We prefer to call our stances moderate, meaning our positions tend to fall more in the middle than at extreme ends of the political spectrum. But some call us liberal; some call us conservative. Political views, we suppose, are in the eye of the beholder, but we like to think we call things as we see them.

We also try to avoid a one-size-fits all editorial philosophy. For instance, we favor stricter gun control. We oppose a North Carolina lottery. We judge candidates based on the issues, not their party affiliations. We also like to counterbalance our views by running a diversity of columnists, some conservative (Cal Thomas, George Will, David Brooks), some moderate (Leonard Pitts) and some liberal (Rosemary Roberts, Paul Krugman).

That said, our editorial positions once in a while may cut against the grain of what the majority of our readers feel because we believe that the most principled stances aren’t always the most popular ones.

Why won’t you get rid of a particular columnist?

We won’t get rid of any of these columns because they express extremely divergent schools of thought. They provide a spicy, provocative yen and yang on the editorial pages that lends a voice to many of our readers’ views and pricks at the foibles of liberals and conservatives.

Why are you so anti-business?

We support healthy growth and development in Greensboro, meaning prosperity without sacrificing quality of life.

Why do you endorse political candidates?

As a newspaper that stakes its positions on issues the other 364 days of the year, we think it would be odd if we did not take a stand on Election Day, when we choose our leaders. Our endorsements are intended more than anything else to reflect how the newspaper as an institution would vote, if it could, and to encourage readers to vote, whether they agree or disagree with our arguments. We neither have the power, nor the motive, to make the community vote a certain way. .

We subscribe to cartoons from national distributors such as Tribune Media Services and Universal Press Syndicate. We receive the cartoons daily via the Internet. Cartoons appear in the printed paper and on the Opinion page of the website.

We receive letters in a variety of ways — by mail, by e-mail, by fax — and some are personally delivered. Allen Johnson, the editorial page editor., looks over the letters and chooses the best for publication. We received more than 3,000 letters last year.

The letters then go back to Theresa Apple to be verified. We don’t want to take a chance on publishing a fake letter. Theresa then types the letters that didn’t arrive as e-mail. After the letters are entered into our computer system, staff members take turns editing them, writing the headlines and proofreading them.

How do I submit a letter using the News Record website?

Please click here.

Do you publish only letters that you agree with?

Quite the contrary. We disagree with the sentiments of a number of letters to the editor. But as long as they follow our guidelines for publication, they are likely to be printed. An exception is when we get a large volume of letters on the same subject that say essentially the same thing over a period of time. In that case, we might discontinue running them because we believe the discussion is not being advanced and that readers will lose interest.

What about letters that criticize the newspaper?

We will run such letters if they are factually correct, avoid personal attacks and address the paper’s coverage of civic issues in its printed editions. We will not publish letters that repeat dissatisfaction with longstanding newspaper policies, such as reviews of local arts performances. As for letters that address individual customer complaints, we will forward them to the appropriate department in the paper for a personal response.

How can I increase my chances of having a letter published?

Make sure you keep it to no more than 200 words. Type it or write it legibly. And refrain from personally attacking other letter writers. Discuss ideas, not personalities. In addition, it helps to avoid letters cliches — such expressions as: “I am shocked and appalled” and, “Wake up, (fill in the blank).” Emailed letters are most likely to be published soonest.

Why won’t you run unsigned letters?

We believe that letters that are signed are more credible and authentic. We also see a fairness issue here; for example, someone who criticizes a public official ought to be willing to disclose his or her name. It’s very easy to attack anyone and to say anything under the cover of anonymity.

What is your policy concerning “astroturf”?

Astroturf is the name coined for form letters that are circulated on the Internet and sent to newspapers throughout the country as the work of local letter writers.
They may come from political campaigns or from a variety of advocacy groups.

Our policy is very simple: We don’t run them.

Counterpoint columns occasionally run underneath the letters. Counterpoints can be up to 300 words but must respond to an editorial in the paper or another column. In the interest of fairness, you may not respond to a letter with a Counterpoint submission. However, not all Counter­points submitted will run, and the bar for selection is higher than for a letter. They are judged on the quality of the writing, the soundness of the reasoning and the general interest in their subject matter.

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FAQ: The treaty that could save Europe. Or not.

It’s been awhile since we looked at the mess in Europe, but this is a big week. European leaders are meeting in Brussels to adopt a new deficit treaty. And depending on whom you ask, talks over Greek debt restructuring are either progressing nicely — or threatening the continent. Here’s a rundown:


We’ve got this under control. Er, maybe.
(Jock Fistick/Bloomberg)

What will the new EU treaty do? The details are still getting thrashed out, but at a basic level, the new treaty will force euro zone governments to keep their overall debt burdens below 60 percent of gross domestic product and their yearly deficits under 3 percent. (Ideally, they’re supposed to keep their annual “structural deficits”—what’s left over when you discount the effects of recessions and booms—at 0.5 percent.) If countries break these rules, they’ll get hit with big sanctions. You can see a draft of the treaty here .

Didn’t the 17 euro nations already have a deficit rule like this? Yes, the Stability and Growth Pact, which has been in place since 2000. Only three of the 17 countries — Estonia, Luxembourg and Finland — managed to keep annual deficits under 3 percent before the crisis. (Note that even Germany was an offender.) This time, though, the countries are supposed to really, really mean it. It now looks like participating countries will agree to put loose language into their national constitutions expressing their good intentions (making good use of the word “preferably”). And the fines for shirking could be big — up to 0.1 percent of GDP for rule-breakers.

But can Europe really fix itself by reducing its deficits? Probably not. As Wolfgang Munchau recently argued in the Financial Times, the new pact commits Europe to adopting pro-cyclical fiscal policy, which means they may have to cut spending and raise taxes whenever a recession hits and the deficit automatically rises. That, in turn, could worsen economic growth and increase debt burdens in the short term. Indeed, many European leaders seem to be coming around to the view that austerity isn’t a very good way to reduce debt burdens when the economy is weak. See, for instance, Spain. Everyone now agrees that economic growth is the best way to curb debt.

If growth is the answer, how does Europe get more growth? That’s a little murkier. There’s the usual list of proposed labor-market reforms. In many euro zone countries, workforce participation among women and the elderly is incredibly low, thanks to various policies and institutions that implicitly discourage work. Licensing and regulatory restrictions also make many regions in Europe less productive than, say, the United States. As a recent International Monetary Fund research paper found: “Making better use of available labor would allow the euro area to live up to its growth potential and secure its inclusive social model.” Most of these reforms will take some time to put into effect.

Is Europe still facing an immediate financial crisis? It doesn’t look that way for the time being, though things could change quickly. For instance, Italy’s borrowing costs have been dropping of late. That’s not because foreign investors suddenly feel confident about the prospects that Italy will pay down its debt. Instead, the European Central Bank moved last December to basically lend lots of cheap money to euro zone banks, in the hope that they’d buy up their country’s troubled debt. For now, that’s working — Italian banks are buying up Italian bonds, giving the country some breathing room.

Moving on, what’s the deal with the Greek talks? Separate from the new euro treaty — but very much related — are the ongoing negotiations over restructuring Greek debt. Greece, you’ll recall, is insolvent. There’s no conceivable way that the government can pay off everyone who lent the country money. So Greece is now hoping to offer all of its investors a new deal: We’ll trade you new bonds that promise to pay you some of the money back, but not all. Otherwise, we might have to default, in which case, you’ll all get nothing.

That seems fair enough. What’s the sticking point? Private investors mostly seem amenable to Greece’s proposal. The sticking point is that Greece needs a lot of money from the IMF, the European Central Bank, and the European Commission to stay afloat. Those three — referred to as the “troika” in the press — are willing to bail out Greece to prevent chaos, but they also want to impose some harsh conditions, including sweeping budget cuts. Given that Greece’s government has already slashed budgets and watched helplessly as unemployment, poverty, homelessness, and crime rates have spiked, that’s a tough sell.

For example, Germany has insisted that Greece’s budget be controlled by a eurozone commissioner, in exchange for a further €130 billion bailout. Greece, as you might expect, doesn’t like this proposal much. That’s led some observers, such as Fed Watch’s Tim Duy, to predict that Greece might just be angling for one more shot of aid before it finally defaults and exits the euro zone.

“Absent real transfers from Germany, staying in the euro zone now means crushing recession under German rule,” Duy writes. “Exiting just means crushing recession.”

So Europe is still a mess? It sure seems that way. The European Central Bank has managed to ease the short-term market turmoil through its backdoor bailout scheme. But various euro zone countries are still trying (and failing) to cut their debt loads with growth-suppressing austerity. And there’s still very much the possibility that the Greek debt talks could break down. If Greece ends up leaving the euro zone, which would be terrible for everybody.

Related:

The European debt crisis in eight graphs.

Everything you need to know about Europe in one post.

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Louisiana monkey owners become ‘refugees’

Four months ago, the couple fled before authorities showed up at their house for an inspection, and ever since they’ve been hiding out with their monkeys — all of them cooped up in the recreational vehicle.

Exotic animal owners like them say wildlife agents have been cracking down in Louisiana and around the country after high-profile cases of exotic animals getting loose or attacking people. At least six states have also banned the ownership of wild animals since 2005, and Congress is also mulling tighter restrictions.

The couple fears the monkeys will be confiscated and sent to a zoo if they return home to DeRidder, La.

“It’s not what I fought for … to be treated like this,” said Jim Clark, a 60-year-old disabled Vietnam veteran, as tears streaked his face. “It’s not right to think they can come into your house and do this to you with or without a warrant.”

As Clark talked on a recent day, the adorable monkeys looked on from their cages. Hands gripping the cage bars, a couple of the hyper, super-inquisitive furry creatures — capable of lightning-fast vertical leaps — barely moved and cooed softly. The motorhome is a far cry from the DeRidder house that boasts two monkey playrooms and a large outdoor enclosure.

“To take these guys out of their home and throw them in a zoo? It’s like taking a little child out of a mansion and throwing it into the ghetto,” Donita Clark said. “It’s that devastating. It’s destroyed us both emotionally. We’ll never be the same.”

Crackdowns in Louisiana and elsewhere have gained momentum since a man in Ohio released his personal zoo of lions, tigers, zebras, bears and monkeys before killing himself. The 2009 face-mauling of a Connecticut woman by a chimpanzee also highlighted the dangers of keeping wild animals in residential neighborhoods.

“It was a wakeup call to the nation that we should no longer tolerate the reckless decision-making by a small number of people,” said Wayne Pacelle, the head of the Humane Society of the United States.

Veterinarians and primate experts generally agree that monkeys — like all wild animals — shouldn’t be adopted as pets.

“They are not animated toys. They’re so intelligent they’re difficult to keep in a stimulated environment long term,” said Dr. Patricia V. Turner, the president of the Association of Primate Veterinarians.

She said monkeys kept in homes often end up obese and suffering from emotional stress that takes the form of self-biting. Monkeys are garrulous social creatures and need to be around their own kind, she said.

In Congress, one proposed bill would ban unlicensed professionals from buying, selling or moving primates across state lines. Meanwhile, 24 states now ban the ownership of primates and 11 others require permits, according to the Humane Society. Hundreds of cities and counties also have local bans.

Exotic animal lovers feel like they are under assault.

“So many of us want to disappear, and have our own community where we can safely keep our monkeys,” said Ann Newman, the owner of seven monkeys in Arkansas and the president of the Simian Society of America, a membership group for monkey lovers.

Monkey owners say their animals hardly pose a serious danger to the public — they’re unlikely to do the kind of injury a wild big cat or great ape might.

To Dan Stockdale, a celebrity wild animal trainer in Tennessee, the backlash on exotic animals owners goes too far. He said many private owners do a better job than some zoos and sanctuaries.

“Unfortunately, exotic animals and those who own exotic animals are in the spotlight. Society’s knee-jerk reaction is eliminate them.”

Ohio lawmakers are considering whether to forbid anyone from having a wild animal as a pet after the incident there.

“If they start confiscating, you’re going to see a lot of people going underground,” said Nancy Nighswander, who leads Uniting A Politically Proactive Exotic Animal League, a group lobbying against bans on private ownership of wild animals. She lives in Tiffin, Ohio, and owns five monkeys and a cougar.

There is no accurate count on how many pet primates there are in the U.S., but estimates range between 3,000 and 15,000.

Louisiana has taken a hard-nosed approach. In 2003, the Legislature passed a law banning exotic animals as pets, but allowed people who already owned monkeys to keep them. Starting in 2006, owners were required to obtain permits, keep their animals away from the public and have yearly veterinary checkups. There were only about 20 households in Louisiana with wild animals, all of them monkeys, according to state officials.

Now the state says it will issue new permits only after a home inspection.

“Louisiana has strict laws and regulations to prevent the kind of situation that happened in Ohio,” said Maria Davidson, a former zookeeper and state Wildlife and Fisheries Department biologist who crafted the state’s ban on wild pets. “You certainly don’t want a monkey loose in your neighborhood.”

The Clarks got their first monkey — Tina Marie — more than 10 years ago from a woman who was unable to look after the animal.

“We felt sorry for her,” Donita Clark said. “I had never thought of having monkeys in my life.”

They adopted three other Capuchin monkeys — Meeko Mae, Sara Jo and Hayley Suzanne — and became a bit monkey crazy.

They built a large cage and a wire walkway into their modest home in DeRidder. The monkeys slept in the house, going to sleep when the lights were turned off. They took showers in the bathroom, complete with shampoo and soap. They wore diapers.

The Clarks networked with other monkey owners and invited humans and simians to picnics at their home. The self-taught experts helped others learn to care for their monkeys and build cages.

Now, monkey owners in Louisiana accuse the state of bully tactics and unlawfully confiscating monkeys. They point to at least three instances since 2009 when monkeys were seized.

“It’s like someone walking into your home and taking your kids,” Donita Clark said, paging through binders with photographs, written testimony and documents she’d collected from aggrieved monkey owners.

Davidson said the right action was taken in those cases. In one case, the monkey owner did not have a permit; in another, a snow monkey allegedly bit the hand of a girl and in the third case the owners allegedly had violated their permit requirements.

The Clarks fear they could be next. On Oct. 27 wildlife agents and sheriff’s deputies showed up at their home. But the Clarks had already fled after getting a tip.

Davidson said the state didn’t intend to seize their monkeys and just wanted to inspect their home. She said the Clarks’ flight was suspicious. But she added: “We’ll give Donita the benefit of the doubt.”

The Clarks, however, say they’re not going home until they’re assured the monkey’s won’t be taken.

Their exile is hard on them and the monkeys.

“They’re arguing with each other like we’re arguing with each other,” Donita Clark said, sitting on the couch in the RV and looking at her girls.

“They have not seen daylight since October,” Jim Clark said. “These guys are like humans. They need sunlight.”

The couple feels stuck. They don’t tell friends or family where they are because they’re so terrified. And they’re running low on money.

“I’m terrified 24 hours a day and there’s no light at the end of this tunnel, no way out,” Donita Clark said.

“But we’re not going to give up,” Jim Clark said to encourage his wife. “We’re not going to let them go. We promised them forever a home.”

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Bankruptcy of defunct Pace Airlines heads to mediation

The Winston-Salem Journal reports that Pace Airlines co-owners William Rodgers Sr. and Lee Booth are scheduled to attend the mediation sessions in Winston-Salem on Monday and Tuesday.

The company collapsed in in 2009, leaving more than 400 workers without paychecks for up to six weeks they worked.

The trustee overseeing the bankruptcy process contends the co-owners harmed the company in ways that led to its insolvency.

Former CEO Rodgers was indicted last week on criminal charges of failing to pay group health-insurance premiums and failing to give employees notice their health insurance wasn’t paid up.

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